Mitering-machine.



- No. 702,043. Patented June '10, I902.

. .1. T. ZIKA.

-M|TEBING MAIGHINEL (Applicsltion filed Nov. 23, 1901.) J Modem 2 Sheets$heet 2.

Mine d'd'd'. fi 2.507?

y W J.

THE Noam FETERS co. PHOTO-LITHO., WASHINGTON, n. c.

block with its said face flush with the guideface of said block. As shown, this block is movable between a position in which its guiding-face is approximately parallel to the plane of the saw and a position in which said face lies in a plane at an angle of forty-five degrees to the plane of the saw. This block mightlbe movable beyond the plane last referred to, although in the machine shown, which is especially adapted for cutting the ends of window-sash bars, it is not necessary. On the table and in the field over which this bar O is movable is a scale R or system of graduations consistingof equally-spaced rec-' tangular coordinates r 0', which are respectively parallel to and at right angles to the plane of the saw. The base-line of the series of lines, which are parallel to the plane of the saw, if prolonged would pass through the axis of the pivot c of the block. The base-line of the series of lines which are at right angles to the plane of the saw would if drawn likewise pass through the plane of the axis of the same pivot. In practice,however, it is not necessary to actually extend the graduations to the pivot or to draw the base-line last referred to. Its theoretical position is indicated by the dotted line 1*, which is parallel with thelines a". The unit of these graduations is preferably one inch, because that is a unit which all workmen are familiar with, and these units of graduation are subdivided by other lines into eighths of an inch. Arranged in a longitudinal row, but adjacent to the transverse lines in this rectangular scale are figures indicating in units the distance of the associated lines from the transverse theoretical base-li'ne. When the guideblock 0 is set at an angle of forty-five degrees to the plane of the saw, every point on its guide-face will be equally distant from the two base-lines of this scale. Outside of this rectangular scale is an arc-shaped scale R, divided into equal spaces. Here again, preferably, the inch (and not the degree) is selected as the unit of graduation, and the unit divisions are still further subdivided into eighths. The zero of graduation is at the forty-five-degree point-that is to say, in a plane intersecting the arc-shaped scale and lying at an angle of forty-five degrees to the plane of the saw.

D represents another guide-block which rests upon the table and is pivoted thereto and is movable about its pivot, so that its guide-face (I may be at any suitable angle to the plane of the saw. Upon the table in the field in which this guide-block is movable is an arc-shaped scale T, graduated with the sameunit which is employed for graduating the scale associated with the block 0. The zero of graduation is at the forty-five-degree point, and the guide-block is movable from movement than it has, as shown, and the associated scale might be correspondingly extended. It is, however, unnecessary in a machine adapted to cutting window-sash bars that this guide-block shall be movable except as shown-that is to say, from a forty-fivedegree position to a ninety-degree position.

E represents a third guide-block upon the table and pivoted thereto. It is movable from a position at right angles to the plane of the saw to a position parallel thereto, or, in other Words, to a position one hundred and eighty degrees removed from the position which the guide-block C will occupy when it is parallel with the plane of the saw. Associated with this guide-block E are two arc-shaped scales M Mone of them, M, extending through an arc of ninety degrees and having'its zero of graduation at the intersection with the areshaped scale of a plane coincident with the guide-face of the block when it is at right angles to the plane of the saw. The unit of graduation must be the same or some multiple of the same unit which is employed in the two other arc-shaped scales referred to. For reasons which will appear in describing the use of this guide-block and scale I prefer that the unit of graduation shall be twice as large as the unit employed in the arc-shaped scales already described. The other areshaped scale, M, associated with the guideblock E, extends over aforty-five-degree arc, and its unit of graduation is at a point midway between the forty-five-degree point and the ninety, degree pointthat is to say, twenty-two and one-half degrees from the zero of graduation of the scale M or sixty-seven and one-half degrees from the plane of the saw. The scale M is graduated in both directions from its zero. The unit of graduation must be the same or some multiple of the said unit employed on the arc-shaped scales associated with the two blocks O and D; but for reasons which will presently appear I prefer to make this unitone-half the other units referred to.

G represents a fourth guide-block, which is pivoted upon the table, but on the opposite side of the throat 0. thereof with reference to the three guide-blocks previously described. Associated with the block G is an arc-shaped scale S, whereon are four systems of graduations. The zero of two systems is at the forty-five-degree point on one sideof the ninety-degree point, and the graduations extend in opposite direction from the said zeropoint. The zero-point for the other systems of graduation is at the forty-fi ve-degree point, but on the opposite side of the ninety-degree point, and the graduations run in opposite directions from this zero. The unit of these graduations is the same as the unit employed in the scale associated with the guide-block O. This guide-block G has secured to each of its guide-faces a shelf or flange g, upon which the bars to be cut may be supported, and these supporting-shelves are made verti cally adjustable to compensate for their wear and for the wear or set'of the saw." They are ,f held against thesides of the block G by bolts g passing through holes in said block. Upon this guide-block G is a movable gage 'gZwhich" may be'adjustably secured to'the block in'any position relative thereto, and'this gageis pro- .vided with the arms 9 All of these guide-blocks are capable of being locked at any point in their several paths of movement.

Any suitable means may be employed for this purpose. That shown for a "this purpose consists of a clamping-bolt W,

passing through an arc-shaped slot 0. in the table and through a hole in the guide-block,

and a cam 10 pivoted to the end of this bolt and adapted to' bear upon the face of the guide-block.

H represents an arm which is pivotedto the table-top and is capable of swinging about itspivot and of being locked to the tablein any of its possible positions.

tion by means of a screw fast to the block and .passingthrough a slot in the arm and a nut upon said screw. This bar is an adjustable gage capable of use in connectiou'with anyof 1 the three guide-blocks at the left sideof the throat otthe table. guide-blocks to properly cut the ends of the bars for a cut-up window-sash-esuch', forexsample, as is shown in Fig. V3 -itis onlynecessary that the workman shouldknowthe disa with the stile f and rail f3, respectively.

is not necessary for him to knowat what antances from the corner of the window-sash at which it is desired that a barf shall engage It gle the bar shall lie relative to the rail or stile or the bars f running in the opposite inclined direction. If, for example,the bar f is to engage with the railfour inches-from the corner and i with the stile six inches from the corner, the

workman finds onthe rectangular scale the point of intersection of a line four units from the longitudinal base-line and six units from the base-line at right angles thereto and moves the guide-block until its guiding-faceregis- 'ters with the intersection of thepsedin'es, as shown, for example, by the dotted lines in Fig. 1. He then reads the indication onthe. associated arc-shaped scale, which will,in the case referred .to,.b e 115? He then sets the guide-block D in a position one and one-half units removed fromthe'zero-point of the associated scale. These two guide-blocks are now set so that when a bar is held against a} the guide-block its endwill be cut off by the saw at the proper angle for engagement with the stile of the sash, and when said bar is heldagainst the guide-block D itsopposite end will be cut ott at the proper angle for engagement with the railofit -he sash. In these cut-up window-sashes one set of bars f inclined in one direction arelong and continuous. The bars f which lie at the oppo-' siteinclination, are necessarily short bars,

It is'provided with a movable stop or gage h, which may be- '.olamped to the bar itself in any desired posi- To adjust these several which fit between the bars first referred to,'.

and inorderthat' these bars "shall fit'their ends must be cutoff atcert-a'in' definite'an gles which diiter from the angles'of' the stile or rail'fc'ut. v The guide-block "E; may beset for this purposeby moving it from the pdsition shown at the fulllines in Fig. 1, where; 1

it is at (the 'zerooflgraduationof 'the"lo ng scale'M twice as -far as" the "two guide-blocks;

O and D first namedwere moved from their initial "position, or, whe'nithis scale is gradu ated, as shown, this block'will be moved fromthe 'zero position the same number'ot' units as the other blocks weremoved on their scale. I g of this block, its end will be cut off by the saw at the proper angle to fit against the oppositely-inclined bar. Inuother words, this block will be set forthe bar-cut.

It frequently happens thattwo oppositelyinclined bars f f are required tomeet a third If a baris held against the guide-face bar f, which is parallel with'the stile of the sash. Experienceand "custom have decreed that the-meeting ends of-these three bars shall be so cut that said ends shall make like angles with the sides of said bars. To set.v

theblock E so that it will serve as afguide forthis cut, it is necessary to set-the bar in a position which is one-halt as far removed from the zero of graduation in the outer scale M as the bar G,'for example, was removed from its zero of graduation. If the unitof graduations in thislscale is one-half the unit ,100 of graduation of the scales associated with the bars .0 and D, then this bar E willbese't in a position removed from thesaid'zero of gradua-' tion just as many units as the bar 0 was moved from its unit of graduation. Whether the bar E shall be moved above or below its unitfof graduation depends upon whether two oblique bars inmeet-ing form an interior angle which is greater or "less than a right angle;

If less than a right angle, then the block will be moved down from its zero of graduation on the outerscale. If the angle is 1 7 IIo greater, it will bemoved up. The guide block G is especially adapted for holding and guiding the ends of the window-sash 'bars,

which are to be cut to, fit that member of the window-sash which carries th'e'checkj-rail,

which endrmust not be cut entirely across. When the guide-block is set properly, a bar f will be placed upon the one or theother of the shelves g, whereby they are held at such I a suitable elevation relative to thesaw that it will out in the bar a; kerf "of the prQPer depth. These shelves are'adjustableftocor'n pensate for wear of theirtop surfaces andfor the wear of the saw. If the bar to be cut is'to be inclined in one direction relative to the check:

rail, it is, placed on, say,the shelf gon the upper side of the bar, which 'baris moved to:

the upper zero. angle of less than forty-five degrees to the check-rail, the block is then moved down to the graduation to which the block C was originally set. If the angle is to be greater than It said bar is-to be at, an"

forty-five degrees, the block is moved a corresponding distance on the upper scale. It the bar is to incline in the other direction, it is placed on the lower shelf and the block is correspondingly adjusted on one of the lower scales. The gage g is adjusted so that when the end of the bar to be cut rests against one of the armsg the kerf will be cut at the proper distance from the end of the said bar.

Having described my invention, I claim- 1. The combination of a cutting-tool oper ating in a definite plane, with a work-supporting table relatively movable in a path parallel to said plane, a guide-block pivoted to said table and adapted to move about its pivot into various operative positions, and means for locking said guide-block in any desired position, the table, in the field over which said block is movable, being graduated with a series of rectangular coordinates of which the base-lines (theoretical or actual) pass through the axis of the block.

2. The combination of a cutting tool operating in a definite plane, with a work-supporting table relatively movable in a path parallel to said plane, a guide-block pivoted to said table and adapted to move about its pivot into various operative positions, and means for locking said guide-block in any desired position, the table, in the field over which said block is movable, being graduated with a series of rectangular coordinates of which the base-lines (theoretical or actual) pass through the axis of the block, there being also, in the field over which said guideblock is movable, a graduated are -shaped scale of which the zero of graduation registers with the guide-face of said block when the block lies at an angle of forty-five degrees to said plane.

3. The combination of a cutting-tool operating in a definite plane, with a work-supporting table relatively movable in a path parallel to said plane, a guide-block pivoted to said table and occupying normally a position in which its guide-face is at an angle of fortyfive degrees to said plane,which block is movable from said position toward a position in which the guide-face is parallel to said plane, and m cans for locking said guide-block in any of its possible positions, the table, in the field over which said block is movable, being graduated. with a seriesof equally-spaced parallel lines of which the base-line passes through the axis of the pivot of the block, and another series of intersecting lines which are parallel to and corresponding distances from a baseline (theoretical or actual) which passes through the axis of said pivot at right angles to said plane.

4. The combination of a cutting-tool operating in a definite plane, with a work-supportin g table relatively movable in a path parallel to said plane, two guide-blocks pivoted to said table and independently movable into various positions relative to said plane, mechanisms for independently locking said guide-blocks in any of their several positions, there being on the table associated with one of said guideblocks and in the field over which the block moves, a series of rectangular coordinates of which the base-lines (theoretical or actual) pass through the axis of the pivot of the block, and an arc-shaped scale of which the zero of graduation is in a plane lying at an angle of forty-five degrees from the plane of the cutting-tool and said graduations extend therefrom toward a plane parallel with said plane of the tool, there being on the table also associated with the other guide-block and in the field over which it moves, a correspondinglygraduated arc shaped scale whose zero of graduation is in a plane which lies at an angle of forty-five degrees to the plane of the tool and extends therefrom toward a plane lying at an angle of ninety degrees from the plane of the tool.

5. The combination of a cutting-tool operating in a definite plane, with a work-supporting table relatively movable in a path parallel to said plane, three guide-blocks pivoted to said table and independently movable upon their pivots into various operative positions, independent mechanisms for locking said guide-blocks in any desired position, there being upon the table associated with one of the guide-blocks and in the field over which it moves, a system of rectangular coordinates of which the baselines (theoretical or actual) pass through the axis of the pivot of the block, and an arc-shaped scale whose zero of graduation is in the plane lying at an angle of forty-five degrees to the plane of the tool and which extends from this plane toward a plane parallel to the plane of the tool, there being associated with one of the other blocks a correspondin gly-graduated arc-shaped scale whose zero of graduation is in a plane lying at an angle of forty-five degrees to the plane of the tool and which extends therefrom toward a plane lying at ninety degrees to the plane of said tool, there being associated with the third block a correspo'ndingly-graduated arc-shaped scale whose zero of graduation is in a plane lying at an angle of sixty-seven and one-half degrees to the plane of the tool and whose graduations extend in both directions from the zero.

6. The combination of a cutting-tool operatingin a definite plane, with a work-supporting table relatively movable in a path parallel to said plane, three guide-blocks pivoted to said table and independently movable upon their pivots into various operative positions, independent mechanisms for locking said guide-blocks in any desired position, there being upon the table associated with one of the guide-blocks and in the field over which it moves a system of rectangular coordinates of which the baseline (theoretical or actual) passes through the axis of the pivot of the block, and an arc-shaped scale whose zero of graduation is in the plane lying at an angle of forty-five degrees to the plane of the tool and which extends from this plane toward atplane parallel to the plane of the tool, there ward aplane lying at ninety degrees to the plane of said tool, there being associated with the third block a correspondiugly-graduated arc-shaped scale whose zero'of-graduati'on is in a plane lying at an angleof sixty-seven and one-half degrees to the-plane of the tool and whose graduations extend in both directions from the said zero, there being also associated with this third block another correspondinglygraduatedarc-shaped scale. whose zero of graduations is in a plane lying at an'angle of ninety degrees to the plane of the tool and which extends therefrom toward a plane parallel with the plane-of the tool.

7. The combination of a'cuttin-g-tool operatin g in a definite plane, with aworkrsupporting table relatively movable in a pathparallel tosaid plane, three guide-blocks pivoted to said table and independently movable upon their pivots into various operative positions, independent mechanism for locking said guide-blocks in desired positions, there being upon the table,-associated with one of the guideblocks and in the field over which it moves, a system of rectangular coordinates of which the base-lines (theoretical or actual) pass through the axis of the pivot of the block,

7 and an arc-shaped scale WhOSGZBI'O ofgraduation is in the plane lying at an angle of'fortyfive degrees to the plane of the tool and which extends from this planetoward a plane parallel to the planeof the tool, there being associated with one of the otherblocks-a correspondingly graduated arc shaped scale whose zero of graduation is in a plane lying at an angle of forty-five degrees to the plane of the tool and which extends therefrom toward a plane lying at ninety degrees to the plane of said tool, there being associated with the third block a correspondingly-graduated arc-shaped scale whose zero of graduation is in a plane lying at an angle of ninety degrees to the plane of the tool and which extends therefrom toward the, onehundred-andeighty-degree position. i

. 8. The combination of a cutting-tool operatin'gina definite plane, with a work-support; ing table relatively movable ,in a path parallel to said plane, and an adj ustable. guideblock pivoted thereto, there being in the field over which said block is movable four graduated arc-shaped scales, of which. the zero ofgraduation of two of said scales is forty-five degrees removed in. one" direction from a plane at right angles to the: plane of the tool,

and thegraduations on said two scales ,extend in opposite directionsirom;saidizero,

while the zero of; graduation of the other two arc-shaped. scales is forty-five degrees removed in the opposite direction-from a plane at right angles to the planeof the tool and the graduationsthereon extend inthe oppositedirection from said zero..,-

9. The combination of acutting-tooloperatin gin a definite plane, with a work-supportover which said guide-block is movable- 1 a 10. Thecombination of a cutting-tool operatin g in a definite plane, with a work-support- .ing table relatively movable in a path parallel to said plane, an adjustable guiderblock pivoted to said table, two work-supporting shelves adj ustably secured to opposite verti-- cal faces of said guide-block, and graduated scales on said table for'codperatio-n with said guide-block.

In testimonywhereof I hereunto affix my I JOSEPH- T. ZIKA. Witnesses:

E. B.*G ILoHR1sT, E. L. Tnuasron.

signature in the presence of two witnesses. 

